brief history of the settlement and populating of new zealand
New Zealand has a relatively short human history in comparison to all the other countries. New Zealand was not discovered until around 1200 to 1300 AD when the Maori people came over from Polynesia in long canoes. The Maori people inhabited the North and South Island for a few hundred years. In 1642 Abel Tasman, a Dutchman, was sailing and had caught a glimpse of New Zealand but was unable to ever step foot on the islands. Next came an English navigator by the name of James Cook who had found New Zealand and had sailed around the country mapping it and passing information on to the Europeans, but never tried to take ownership of the land. Finally in the early 1800s, missionaries, whalers, and sealers began settling in on the island. Once the late 1830s to the early 1840s came around, more and more British settlers had arrived taking land among the Maori, calling New Zealand home. As British numbers increased, the British crown wanted to take control of New Zealand so in 1840 the native Maori signed the Treaty of Waitangi stating that the Queen or King of Great Britain has the right to rule over New Zealand, the Maori chiefs would keep the chief statuses and would only be allowed to sell their land to the British monarch, and lastly that the Maori would have the same rights as the British subjects. The Maori were forced to sell most of their land to settlers which caused a war in which the British won, causing even more land to be stripped from the Maori making New Zealand a dominantly British country. This is not true still today because people have migrated from every corner of the world to live in the beautiful islands of New Zealand.
(Brem, n.d.)
(Wilson, 2012)
(Brem, n.d.)
(Wilson, 2012)
animated map of settlement
New Zealand on Dipity.
MAPS DEPICTING NEW ZEALAND
Map of the main settlement areas around 1840new zealand vegetation mapmap of the average temperature |
new zealand's modern day population densityNew zealand physical mapNew zealand physical map |
new zealand's natural resources
Organic food is New Zealand's speciality.
Kiwifruit is New Zealand's icon.
Green-lipped mussels are famously known to be from New Zealand.
New Zealand's clean waters supply top-quality crayfish, squid, hoki, scallops, and salmon.
New Zealand is also known for its mushrooming industry.
("New zealand natural," 2006)
("Food - natural," 1999)
Kiwifruit is New Zealand's icon.
Green-lipped mussels are famously known to be from New Zealand.
New Zealand's clean waters supply top-quality crayfish, squid, hoki, scallops, and salmon.
New Zealand is also known for its mushrooming industry.
("New zealand natural," 2006)
("Food - natural," 1999)
Map of the islands' kiwi production areas
environmental characteristics and their effects on settlement
Where the Maori people settled when they first came to New Zealand was near the water. Being this close to easy food supply and wildlife, the Maori soon became experts in hunting and fishing, making their own nets, fishhooks, traps and snares from flax, bone, and stone. The Maori cultivated their land and grew vegetables that were brought from Polynesia like sweet potatoes. They also ate what the land was already providing them naturally like native vegetables, roots, and berries. The art of farming grew for the Maori once missionaries came around 1814 teaching them more farming skills necessary to be able to provide for the growth in population they were experiencing.
(Brem, n.d.)
(Brem, n.d.)
FUll history of new zealand settlement
According to Maori tradition, the first explorer to reach New Zealand grounds at Aotearoa, New Zealand was Kupe around 1000 years ago. Kupe, a Maori, was said to have used nothing but nature, stars and the Pacific Ocean currents, to lead him to the new lands. Following Kupe, more Maori flocked to New Zealand from their Polynesian islands in the South Pacific Ocean over the next few hundred years. Over time the Maori migrated throughout the North and South Islands, but another of the seven Polynesian tribes that called New Zealand home, the Moriori, inhibited the Chatham Islands. The Moriori migrated from the South Island of New Zealand to claim Chatham as their own in the late 18th century (Geoff). Disease and warfare with the Maori quickly depleted the numbers of the Moriori eventually dying out every full-blooded Moriori.
Europeans weren’t too far behind, for Dutch Abel Tasman was on an expedition trying to discover the believed to be mineral rich land. In 1642 Tasman had his first glance of this land, the west coast of the South Island. Tasman was quick to take over this land under Holland’s name. While sailing around the lands before stepping foot on them, Tasman made contact with the Maori in the South Island. Tasman sent men in a small boat, as did the Maori, but in the end, Tasman’s men were killed causing Tasman to never set foot on New Zealand grounds. Tasman’s employers, the Dutch East India Company deemed the mission a failure because Tasman came back with nothing.
Next came Captain James Cook from Britain. He was originally sent to Tahiti as well as attempt to make true the legends of a southern continent in the southern seas. Captain Cook himself didn’t spot the land, but rather his cabin boy called Young Nick in 1769. After circumnavigating and mapping the country, Cook returned to Britain with his findings.
Europeans began settling in New Zealand but not until around 1840. Missionaries, sealers, and whalers had good contact with the native Maori. European visitors turned into settlers living among the Maori. As more immigrants became permanent, they cared less and less about taking the Maori’s lands which lead to the Maori’s want of protection from the King of England, William IV because they feared takeover from France and it’s British people but as British settlement increased, the British government decided to make a formal agreement with the Maori chiefs. The Treaty of Waitangi was finally signed on February 6, 1840 at Waitangi. Over 500 Maori chiefs from all over both islands signed the treaty itself over an eight-month period. This treaty stated that the Queen or King if Great Britain has the right to rule over New Zealand, the Maori chiefs would keep the chief statuses and would only be allowed to sell their land to the British monarch, and lastly that the Maori would have the same rights as the British subjects.
Violent conflicts between the British Crown and the Maori, New Zealand Land Wars, took place later in the 19th century mostly in the North Island. The wars ended with the British taking land all through the 20th century until the British owned the majority of the New Zealand lands.
(Brem, n.d.)
(Wilson, 2012)
Europeans weren’t too far behind, for Dutch Abel Tasman was on an expedition trying to discover the believed to be mineral rich land. In 1642 Tasman had his first glance of this land, the west coast of the South Island. Tasman was quick to take over this land under Holland’s name. While sailing around the lands before stepping foot on them, Tasman made contact with the Maori in the South Island. Tasman sent men in a small boat, as did the Maori, but in the end, Tasman’s men were killed causing Tasman to never set foot on New Zealand grounds. Tasman’s employers, the Dutch East India Company deemed the mission a failure because Tasman came back with nothing.
Next came Captain James Cook from Britain. He was originally sent to Tahiti as well as attempt to make true the legends of a southern continent in the southern seas. Captain Cook himself didn’t spot the land, but rather his cabin boy called Young Nick in 1769. After circumnavigating and mapping the country, Cook returned to Britain with his findings.
Europeans began settling in New Zealand but not until around 1840. Missionaries, sealers, and whalers had good contact with the native Maori. European visitors turned into settlers living among the Maori. As more immigrants became permanent, they cared less and less about taking the Maori’s lands which lead to the Maori’s want of protection from the King of England, William IV because they feared takeover from France and it’s British people but as British settlement increased, the British government decided to make a formal agreement with the Maori chiefs. The Treaty of Waitangi was finally signed on February 6, 1840 at Waitangi. Over 500 Maori chiefs from all over both islands signed the treaty itself over an eight-month period. This treaty stated that the Queen or King if Great Britain has the right to rule over New Zealand, the Maori chiefs would keep the chief statuses and would only be allowed to sell their land to the British monarch, and lastly that the Maori would have the same rights as the British subjects.
Violent conflicts between the British Crown and the Maori, New Zealand Land Wars, took place later in the 19th century mostly in the North Island. The wars ended with the British taking land all through the 20th century until the British owned the majority of the New Zealand lands.
(Brem, n.d.)
(Wilson, 2012)
population pyramids
The two population pyramids are very different from each other regardless of the small amount of time between the two. The 1950 pyramid shows that the country's largest age group was 0-4 whereas in the 1975 pyramid the largest age group was 10-14. In 1975 the population was made up of mostly people aged 39 and below whereas in 1950 the majority of the population was 24 through 59. This trend shows that New Zealand's population is mostly made up of the younger generations.
INTERNET RESOURCES ON THE HISTORY AND SETTLEMENT OF NEW ZEALAND AND THE RESOURCES OF THE COUNTRY
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Zealands
Food - natural resources. (1999). Retrieved from http://www.newzealand.com/travel/media/features/food-&-wine/food
wine_foodnaturalresources_backgrounder.cfm
Free world maps. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.freeworldmaps.net/oceania/new-zealand/map.html
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settled/page-1
Green, D. (2012, November 15). Signing the treaty of waitangi. Retrieved from http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/artwork/3678/signing
the-treaty-of-waitangi
James cook. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Cook
James cook. (2012, November). Retrieved from http://gutenberg.net.au/pages/cook.html
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New zealand natural resources. (2006). Retrieved from http://www.new-zealand-nz.net/new_zealand_natural_resources.html
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April 30).
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http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379112003356
Planetware. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.planetware.com/map/new-zealand-new-zealand-main-settlement-areas-around-1840
map-nz-nz7.htm
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